feat(backend): add typechecking with ty (#9664)

* Add ty for type checking

* fix various typing issues

* fix req

* more fixes

* and more types

* and more typing

* fix imports

* more fixes

* fix types and optional statements

* ensure patch only runs if it is installed

* add type check to qc

* more fixes

* install all reqs

* fix more types

* more fixes

* disable container stuff for now

* move typecheck to seperate job

* try to use putput for path

* use env instead

* fix typo

* add missing install

* remove unclear imports - not sure why this was done

* add kwarg names

* fix introduced issue in url call

* ignore import

* fix broken typing changes

* fix filter import

* reduce change set

* remove api-change

* fix dict

* ignore typing errors

* fix more type issues

* ignore errors

* style fix

* fix type

* bump ty

* fix more

* type fixes

* update ignores

* fix import

* fix defaults

* fix ignore

* fix some issues

* fix type

src/backend/requirements-dev.txt

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ asgiref==3.9.1 \
     # via
     #   -c src/backend/requirements.txt
     #   django
+    #   django-stubs
 build==1.3.0 \
     --hash=sha256:698edd0ea270bde950f53aed21f3a0135672206f3911e0176261a31e0e07b397 \
     --hash=sha256:7145f0b5061ba90a1500d60bd1b13ca0a8a4cebdd0cc16ed8adf1c0e739f43b4
@@ -326,16 +327,30 @@ django==4.2.24 \
     # via
     #   -c src/backend/requirements.txt
     #   django-slowtests
+    #   django-stubs
+    #   django-stubs-ext
 django-querycount==0.8.3 \
     --hash=sha256:0782484e8a1bd29498fa0195a67106e47cdcc98fafe80cebb1991964077cb694
     # via -r src/backend/requirements-dev.in
 django-slowtests==1.1.1 \
     --hash=sha256:3c6936d420c9df444ac03625b41d97de043c662bbde61fbcd33e4cd407d0c247
     # via -r src/backend/requirements-dev.in
+django-stubs==5.1.3 \
+    --hash=sha256:716758ced158b439213062e52de6df3cff7c586f9f9ad7ab59210efbea5dfe78 \
+    --hash=sha256:8c230bc5bebee6da282ba8a27ad1503c84a0c4cd2f46e63d149e76d2a63e639a
+    # via -r src/backend/requirements-dev.in
+django-stubs-ext==5.1.3 \
+    --hash=sha256:3e60f82337f0d40a362f349bf15539144b96e4ceb4dbd0239be1cd71f6a74ad0 \
+    --hash=sha256:64561fbc53e963cc1eed2c8eb27e18b8e48dcb90771205180fe29fc8a59e55fd
+    # via django-stubs
 django-test-migrations==1.4.0 \
     --hash=sha256:294dff98f6d43d020d4046b971bac5339e7c71458a35e9ad6450c388fe16ed6b \
     --hash=sha256:f0c9c92864ed27d0c9a582e92056637e91227f54bd868a50cb9a1726668c563e
     # via -r src/backend/requirements-dev.in
+django-types==0.20.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:4e55d2c56155e3d69d75def9eb1d95a891303f2ac19fccf6fe8056da4293fae7 \
+    --hash=sha256:a0b5c2c9a1e591684bb21a93b64e50ca6cb2d3eab48f49faff1eac706bd3a9c7
+    # via -r src/backend/requirements-dev.in
 filelock==3.18.0 \
     --hash=sha256:adbc88eabb99d2fec8c9c1b229b171f18afa655400173ddc653d5d01501fb9f2 \
     --hash=sha256:c401f4f8377c4464e6db25fff06205fd89bdd83b65eb0488ed1b160f780e21de
@@ -505,13 +520,44 @@ tomli==2.2.1 \
     #   -c src/backend/requirements.txt
     #   build
     #   coverage
+    #   django-stubs
     #   pip-tools
+ty==0.0.1a20 \
+    --hash=sha256:0b481f26513f38543df514189fb16744690bcba8d23afee95a01927d93b46e36 \
+    --hash=sha256:3c2ace3a22fab4bd79f84c74e3dab26e798bfba7006bea4008d6321c1bd6efc6 \
+    --hash=sha256:3ff75cd4c744d09914e8c9db8d99e02f82c9379ad56b0a3fc4c5c9c923cfa84e \
+    --hash=sha256:726d0738be4459ac7ffae312ba96c5f486d6cbc082723f322555d7cba9397871 \
+    --hash=sha256:7abbe3c02218c12228b1d7c5f98c57240029cc3bcb15b6997b707c19be3908c1 \
+    --hash=sha256:83a7ee12465841619b5eb3ca962ffc7d576bb1c1ac812638681aee241acbfbbe \
+    --hash=sha256:8a138fa4f74e6ed34e9fd14652d132409700c7ff57682c2fed656109ebfba42f \
+    --hash=sha256:8eff8871d6b88d150e2a67beba2c57048f20c090c219f38ed02eebaada04c124 \
+    --hash=sha256:933b65a152f277aa0e23ba9027e5df2c2cc09e18293e87f2a918658634db5f15 \
+    --hash=sha256:b4124ab75e0e6f09fe7bc9df4a77ee43c5e0ef7e61b0c149d7c089d971437cbd \
+    --hash=sha256:b8c4336987a6a781d4392a9fd7b3a39edb7e4f3dd4f860e03f46c932b52aefa2 \
+    --hash=sha256:cad12c857ea4b97bf61e02f6796e13061ccca5e41f054cbd657862d80aa43bae \
+    --hash=sha256:d8ac1c5a14cda5fad1a8b53959d9a5d979fe16ce1cc2785ea8676fed143ac85f \
+    --hash=sha256:e26437772be7f7808868701f2bf9e14e706a6ec4c7d02dbd377ff94d7ba60c11 \
+    --hash=sha256:f153b65c7fcb6b8b59547ddb6353761b3e8d8bb6f0edd15e3e3ac14405949f7a \
+    --hash=sha256:f41e77ff118da3385915e13c3f366b3a2f823461de54abd2e0ca72b170ba0f19 \
+    --hash=sha256:f73a7aca1f0d38af4d6999b375eb00553f3bfcba102ae976756cc142e14f3450 \
+    --hash=sha256:fff51c75ee3f7cc6d7722f2f15789ef8ffe6fd2af70e7269ac785763c906688e
+    # via -r src/backend/requirements-dev.in
+types-psycopg2==2.9.21.20250915 \
+    --hash=sha256:bfeb8f54c32490e7b5edc46215ab4163693192bc90407b4a023822de9239f5c8 \
+    --hash=sha256:eefe5ccdc693fc086146e84c9ba437bb278efe1ef330b299a0cb71169dc6c55f
+    # via django-types
+types-pyyaml==6.0.12.20250915 \
+    --hash=sha256:0f8b54a528c303f0e6f7165687dd33fafa81c807fcac23f632b63aa624ced1d3 \
+    --hash=sha256:e7d4d9e064e89a3b3cae120b4990cd370874d2bf12fa5f46c97018dd5d3c9ab6
+    # via django-stubs
 typing-extensions==4.14.1 \
     --hash=sha256:38b39f4aeeab64884ce9f74c94263ef78f3c22467c8724005483154c26648d36 \
     --hash=sha256:d1e1e3b58374dc93031d6eda2420a48ea44a36c2b4766a4fdeb3710755731d76
     # via
     #   -c src/backend/requirements.txt
     #   asgiref
+    #   django-stubs
+    #   django-stubs-ext
     #   django-test-migrations
 virtualenv==20.33.1 \
     --hash=sha256:07c19bc66c11acab6a5958b815cbcee30891cd1c2ccf53785a28651a0d8d8a67 \