Update postgres version (#10895)

- docker setup uses postgres:17
- Documentation incorrectly stated postgres:16
- Update CI to use postgres:17 also

.devcontainer/docker-compose.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 services:
   db:
-    image: postgres:15
+    image: postgres:17
     restart: unless-stopped
     ports:
       - 5432/tcp